The Influences And Decisions Of Social Workers Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Influences And Decisions Of Social Workers Social Work Essay Essay As a societal worker, holding an consciousness of how my doctrine may act upon my decision-making in a professional scene is of import for future pattern. In order to give my clients the most good advise. I must be cognizant of my duties in following the value patterns of societal work. Know my place in the assisting sphere Harmonizing to the Association of Australian Social Workers, societal work pattern should take to assist persons accomplish success in both personal and societal enterprises in order to promote well-being of the person ( aasw 2002, p 5 ) . My self-evaluation will analyze how personal doctrine regards or contradicts the value set out in societal work pattern. I will research my values in relation to single relationships and speak about my hopes for the hereafter of the universe I shall besides research the beginnings of my doctrines, the pillars that sustain them and the events in my life that have shaped my beliefs. I will so analyze the stairss I would take to fo restall struggles of involvement between my client and me Personal life Doctrine We will write a custom essay sample on The Influences And Decisions Of Social Workers Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Influences And Decisions Of Social Workers Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Influences And Decisions Of Social Workers Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Human existences irrespective of gender, race, or position govern their lives harmonizing to a series of regulations that show the manner to act among household, friends, and the wider community. These are called values and are signals that give way about right and incorrect ( Dolgoff et al, 2009, p20, Beckett A ; Maynard, 2005, p5 ) . Valuess stem from a assortment of countries, as kids we are raised in communities that influence our behavior Beckett and Maynard ( 2005 ) refer to these as value systems. The ideals we take from our societies can be inactive and others can alter overtime. ( Beckett A ; Maynard, 2005 ) Culture has a major impact on our value systems ; it influences our professional lives, every bit good as our private lives. ( Otima Doyle, Shari E. Miller, F. Y. Mirza, 2007 ) . I besides govern my actions harmonizing to values learned as a kid and my doctrine has been shaped by a cross-cultural upbringing, I was raised in Papua New Guinea where I received a western i nstruction that encouraged individuality and in Uganda, I received a Catholic instruction where I learned the values of community. I experienced the broad life style in university. These diverse environments have contributed to how I view the universe today. I value people above all other existences because of the manner I was raised in Uganda with household members that supported each other economically I did non see great adversity. However I knew that my parents did. This consciousness taught me to esteem difficult work and value unity, because my parents despite their battles resisted the force per unit areas of the authorities to give personal unity for wealth. I value honestness and for me that includes being unfastened about my abilities to take instances that may do me great hurt and I consider credibleness in affairs refering to worker client confidentiality valuable Compassion and charity are besides of import to me because I believe that in order to be an effectual assist ant, a charitable nature goes along manner towards understanding the demands of a client. I am cognizant nevertheless that emotional distance must be exercised. I need to be careful non become emotionally attached to the client In order to forestall my enforcing my values upon my client. I believe in being committed to all my relationships, and experience that in order to accomplish success in either my personal or professional life I must be faithful in maintaining private inside informations in assurance. Finally I believe that in order for a relationship to turn at that place needs to be credence for differences in all facets of life, from how person behaves, to the sentiments they hold. Therefore if I choose to interact with people on a regular basis I should be able to accept them wholly. I may non wish their actions but I should admit that my clients come from different backgrounds and as a societal worker my responsibility lies in non judging them, but instead I am at that place to assist them work through their jobs. Hope for the hereafter and the universe The hereafter is genuinely an unknown that holds a batch of uncertainness for me ; at present I can non clearly image what my hopes and dreams are. However there are some things I would wish to see alteration in the following 10 old ages: The first country of concern for me is the clime alteration argument, alternatively of the changeless rhetoric from the major universe leaders like the United States, Russia, Great Britain, and China. I would wish to see concrete stairss being taken to cut down nursery gas emanation coming from industries around the universe. Second I wish that in the following few old ages the millenary development ends ( MDGs ) are achieved before the dead line in 2015 so far really limited success has been reported harmonizing to the United Nations MDGS study of 2009 advancement has been noted in merely four ends of the 10 end plan. The study outlines the advancement made in cut downing infant deceases, from its 1990 figure of 12.6million to 9 million in 2007 ; t he study besides cites advancement in the countries of instruction, poorness and decrease of pollutants. They nevertheless admit that more advancement is needed in order to run into the 2015 deadline. Finally I hope that more pharmaceutical companies will fall in the planetary enterprise to happen inexpensive alternate solutions to the medical demands of the universe. I hope the companies like Glaxo smith Kline and its many challengers dispense with the demand to do money and see salvaging lives as their precedence Beginnings of values and support My doctrine comes from many experiences. As a kid I grew up with cataracts that affected my vision. The status over the class of my instruction has caused me great defeat. However, the love and strength of my female parent ensured that I had the best possible start. She taught me neer to give up ; the support of my pedagogues besides showed me that despite the presence of obstructions, if I worked difficult I would accomplish my ends. The challenges due to my ocular hindrance have taught me to be compassionate towards all people who have challenges in their ain lives, I have experienced the adversity of seeking to populate and work with people who have few physical restrictions. Reading is a accomplishment that I love but at times I dislike it because the founts used in books are frequently excessively little and do me to be slower these apparently minor concerns cause me some defeat. I nevertheless find great inspiration from work forces like the Australian Born Nick Vujicic who was born with no limbs and with merely a bantam pes lives life to the full. With a dual grade in accounting and fiscal planning He speaks with strength about his journey I found the intent of my being, and besides the intent of my circumstance. ( Nick Vujicic 2010 ) . His ability to win in the manner he has despite his obvious challenges, amazes and humbles me into the realization that I can accomplish any end if I truly want it. My life doctrines are sustained by my belief in God to whom I turn to for counsel ; counsel I find in the Hagiographas of the Old and New Testament of the Bible. In the Old Testament Hagiographas, particularly in the book of Deuteronomy, I find the moral values by which I govern my life. Put out in The Ten Commandments ( NIV Bible, Duet ; 5:1-32 ) that guide me on how to populate my life in conformity to Gods wants. Other values that have contributed to who I am come from other books I have read. Books by Charles Dickens such as Oliver Twist and Hard Times have painted rough images of poorness in industrial England during the 19th and early twentieth century these narratives sparked an involvement in perusing solutions to human agony. Before coming to Australia I had completed a grade in International dealingss with the hope of taking my state towards happening solutions to our domestic jobs in the International arena these aspirations nevertheless have non been achieved so far Personal values in relation to Social work After reading the Australian association of societal workers codifications of moralss I have found analogues to my ain doctrine of life. The association has five nucleus values that provide societal work professionals with guidelines that inform their pattern. These values are: Human self-respect and worth Social justness Service to humanity Integrity Competence ( AASW, 2002, 1999, p 8 ) At this phase in my unrecorded I can appreciate and accept that these values are indispensable for every twenty-four hours life. However, I must show some reserves in stating that I would adhere to these values wholly. The major job that I can anticipate is that I am an person with assorted ideals in some state of affairss for case where the inquiry of life is posed I am reasonably assorted I do non believe in the decease punishment, yet I can non to the full differ about the abortion inquiries. I can mention a specific clip in my life when I was 22 and a friend told me she was dating a married adult male and had become pregnant. She wanted to hold an abortion and I tried to speak her out degree Fahrenheit it nevertheless she went in front and had the abortion, my first inherent aptitude when I got the intelligence was to be critical of her and I see now that my antipathy sing unfaithfulness and abortion prevented me from being more considerate, as a societal worker I must larn to st amp down my ain positions in order to be more receptive to my clients In state of affairss where my values may conflict with those of a client Ralph Dolgoff etal says clangs occur in many client worker kineticss ( Dolgoff etal 2009, p112 ) chiefly because societal workers tend to give greater value to societal harmoniousness, equality, free pick and societal justness. These values differ from civilization to civilization and may alter over clip. An illustration is the inquiry of a adult female s right to take between an abortion and non holding one in the early twentieth century adult females in Europe and North America could non acquire safe entree to abortion services and as a consequence many died in back back street clinics in the effort. However as Torahs around the universe have changed so have values and in many societies holding an abortion is now merely another option to a adult female who may hold no pick but to seek such services. These differences harmonizing to Dolgoff etal may do jobs for the societal worker and the client In the initial phases of therapy, nevertheless in order to guarantee that my point of position does non conflict with my clients values, Dolgoff suggests that societal workers need to peruse cognition relevant to the cultural demands of clients, this information can be compiled through interviews of clients ( Dolgoff etal 2009 ) . As societal workers we need to be knowing about the assorted issues refering to cultural or spiritual beliefs ( Dolgoff, etal, 2009, 113 ) .Although I may necessitate to hold a better apprehension of where my client place on certain values comes from, it is critical that I maintain a clear impartial modesty Dolgoff emphasises the dangers built-in in placing excessively closely with the clients he points out that prejudice will most likely consequence and impact the success of an intercession. However holding a similar background to my client can enable a better resonance to develop between my client and myself. Further spreads that may originate and do me jobs as a societal worker trade with the affair of power ; in the societal work profession I have assumed power over the client. And because of this false power, the client is likely to experience unequal to me by virtuousness of my cognition, and the client s place of service user. This power moral force can be damaging to the success of a societal worker in seeking to garner helpful penetration into a clients job, if non channelled right In the text Ethical determinations for societal work pattern Ralph Dolgoff etal suggest a figure of ways in which I can guarantee that my client feels comfy plenty to allow travel of the fright that may halter the assisting exercising. They suggest that as a societal worker I need to happen out what the clients values are and decide whether struggle of involvements exists, and if there is struggle I must next attack the client in a manner that does non advert the value in order to understand the nature o f my client s job. In order to keep a professional criterion I must retrieve the grounds I chose to fall in the assisting profession, harmonizing Lesley Chenoweth and Donna McAuliffe ( 2005, p 6 ) the grounds some people enter the societal work profession root from experiences had ether in child goon or early maturity. These experiences can sometimes supply a individual with a passion to fall in the societal work field because they were helped by a societal worker and wanted to animate others, as they were inspired. For some the experience with societal services could hold been negative and fostered a desire to convey alteration to the profession. No affair how we joined the profession it is of import that we do non lose sight of the grounds why we chose societal work these grounds will prolong me and maintain me motivated to go on to work with clients even those who are hard and difficult to assist. Admiting personal prejudice before manus can frequently cut down the opportunities of holding value struggles with clients. Chenoweth and McAuliffe regard this as effectual usage of ego By allowing my supervisors know where I stand on certain issue can guarantee that I am less likely to be assigned a instance that I can non properly trade with. Keeping a value impersonal stance is another manner to avoid making value struggles ( Weick as cited by Dolgoff etal ) suggests that in order to decently understand the client the societal worker demands to listen carefully to what the client truly wants and should suspend all opinion, values, and personal rules in order to supply effectual aid to the client ( Dolgoff, 2009, P, 114 ) . In order for my future societal work pattern to be consequence I must cultivate and continually beef up my cognition base and seek webs to maintain me motivated. Self-awareness is cardinal to understanding my function, as a professional assistant, and critical contemplations about my ego in relation to my values is valuable. As the American writer Daniel Coleman said, If your emotional abilities are nt in manus, if you do nt hold self-awareness, if you are non able to pull off your straitening emotions, if you ca nt hold empathy and have effectual relationships, so no affair how smart you are, you are non traveling to acquire really far. ( Coleman, 2010 ) .

Free Essays on Gorillas In The Mist

I thought the movie â€Å"Gorillas In The Mist† was an excellent movie. It was interesting and informative. Diane Fossy was an excellent person as you could see in this film. She cared for those gorillas like they were her own. It was so interesting to see someone give up everything for a gorilla. Never the less knowing what she lost taking this chance to go to Africa, I never knew what poaching meant or even heard of the word until I saw this movie. I don’t know if I would have the courage Diane had in doing this expedition. I would love to go to Africa and study the Mountain Gorillas, but not exactly how she went about it. When the movie first started off I thought it was going to be boring and stupid. Then Diane started coming in contact with the gorillas I thought it was amazing. Let’s talk about the poaching because I have a lot to say about it. What those people did to the gorillas was so terrible I wanted to get in the TV and hurt them myself. The poachers killed so many gorillas and for what? Just to send the baby gorillas to the zoo and make some money. How would the poachers like it if someone poached them and took there babies and sold them for money? I don’t think they would be very happy it. Towards the end of the movie when the poachers did there last poaching scene, I thought it was the worst part. I can’t believe they took the gorillas head (I don’t think I cried so much during a movie than this part).... Free Essays on Gorillas In The Mist Free Essays on Gorillas In The Mist I thought the movie â€Å"Gorillas In The Mist† was an excellent movie. It was interesting and informative. Diane Fossy was an excellent person as you could see in this film. She cared for those gorillas like they were her own. It was so interesting to see someone give up everything for a gorilla. Never the less knowing what she lost taking this chance to go to Africa, I never knew what poaching meant or even heard of the word until I saw this movie. I don’t know if I would have the courage Diane had in doing this expedition. I would love to go to Africa and study the Mountain Gorillas, but not exactly how she went about it. When the movie first started off I thought it was going to be boring and stupid. Then Diane started coming in contact with the gorillas I thought it was amazing. Let’s talk about the poaching because I have a lot to say about it. What those people did to the gorillas was so terrible I wanted to get in the TV and hurt them myself. The poachers killed so many gorillas and for what? Just to send the baby gorillas to the zoo and make some money. How would the poachers like it if someone poached them and took there babies and sold them for money? I don’t think they would be very happy it. Towards the end of the movie when the poachers did there last poaching scene, I thought it was the worst part. I can’t believe they took the gorillas head (I don’t think I cried so much during a movie than this part)....

Philosophy - Plato Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy - Plato - Essay Example Its democracy was on its knees. There was rampant political selfishness in the great City and this greatly angered Plato. He saw justice as the only true remedy to all of the city’s and the entire country’s problems Self satisfaction was rampant owing to the popularity of the Sophistic teachings that dwelled on self satisfaction that turned the society into largely individualistic people. Most people were running for public offices to achieve their own selfish gains and this eventually divided the city into two groups of the haves and the have nots. The culture of individualism became his main target for attacks in his works.Cephalus established the traditional theory of justice. He viewed justice as speaking the truth and paying one’s debt. He viewed justice as identifying with the right conduct. According to Polemarchus, justice consists in giving what is proper to him. He viewed it simply as doing good to friends and harm to enemies. These two views were criticized to great lengths by Plato. He criticized Cephalus’ theory with the view that there may be cases in which his preferred formula may violate the spirit of right; hence it cannot be taken as a sound universal life principal. He poked holes in Polemarchus’ theory by asking hoe this could be applied in a case whereby the friend is only a friend in seeming but in reality was an enemy. He wondered what would happen in this scenario. He concluded that if justice is determined by the relations between two individuals it promoted individualistic principles and ignores the rest of the society. In the allegory of the cave, Plato proposes a group of prisoners that have been bound in the cave all their lives only being able to see the cave walls. The only light is from a fire at the top of the cave. A path runs above and behind them separating them from the fire. People passing by the path have their shadows cast onto the wall viewed by the

Health Needs of Women in the United States Essay

Health Needs of Women in the United States - Essay Example Background information into the study suggests that poor oral health affects a woman’s health as well as health of the woman’s child. Focusing on factors to oral health among United States’ women of childbearing age, the study used a survey design to collect and analyze secondary data on factors to dental insurance and dental care. Results from a sample of 1071 women revealed that a significant percentage of the women, 40 percent, lack dental insurance cover. Major factors to lack of dental cover were low-level education, low income, and poor dental health. The women without dental cover were also less likely to seek dental care than those with cover. These mean that nurses who deal with population segment that is vulnerable to poor dental health should create awareness among the women on oral health and the need to dental insurance cover. The population segment consists of women with lower level education and low-income women. Policies such as mandatory or subsi dized dental insurance cover should also be put in place to promote dental health among the vunerable women (Kaylor, et. al.,

Conducting A Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Conducting A Strategic Management - Essay Example These entrepreneurs are very crucial factors for economic growth and development as they lead the entire society to the future growth and prospects. Every successful entrepreneur is having some distinct features but there are certain common qualities that must be present in each entrepreneur. Many scholars and researchers have studied the nature and traits of entrepreneurs and they have identified a number of such skills. However, some of the essential traits are leadership, initiatives, planner, risk bearer, opportunity explorer, creative, specific & clear goals etc (Kumar, 2008, p.38-39). There are a number of role models of an ideal entrepreneurs can be found from the past and present evidences. Some of the very popular and successful entrepreneurs are like Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg, Walt Disney, Rupert Murdoch etc and many more. These people have set examples before emerging entrepreneurs and they are also great source of motivation for the society. Some of the comm on qualities in these entrepreneurs are that; they are good planners, they innovative and creative; and they have brought multiple social benefits through their innovation. In the process of starting a new venture, planning is the second most important task after generating a viable and feasible business idea. Success rate of new start-up venture is quite low. The following data shows the survival rate of new venture within one year. Figure 1: One Year Survival Rates by Firm Size (Source: Timmons and Spinelli, 2009, p.86) Considering the above table, a new business is always exposed to multiple risks, and as due to its vulnerable nature it becomes very difficult to cope with the existing competitive business environment. Therefore, before establishing a new venture, it necessary to develop a realistic and effective business plans. A business plan includes a detailed projection of the business consisting of marketing plan, operational plan, human resource plan and financial plan etc. For enhancing the probability of the success rate all these planning must be logical and feasible. In this process, it becomes very necessary to conduct the preliminary research tasks to explore the opportunities and identify expected threats. Moreover, business plan is also required for many purposes. Firstly, a new business venture requires a significant amount of capital and its major sources are prospective investors and creditor s. A comprehensive and effective business plan also includes the financial projection like future income and financial growth etc and it helps to attract investors and creditors. Secondly, it also helps in acquiring legal licenses as it described the nature of business and its environmental impact. Thirdly, a detailed business plan is required for risk management (Covello and Hazelgren, 2006, p.21-24). Before preparing a business plan it is necessary to analyse the market and economic condition based to the business idea. This paper will attempt to present market research for starting the new venture and will also present financial

Professional Practice With Children Families And Carers Social Work Essay

Professional Practice With Children Families And Carers Social Work Essay As a result of the 2011 riots seen in the United Kingdom, Louise Casey (2012) was commissioned by the coalition government to write a report entitled Listening to Troubled Families. This essay will critique the report and consider if government austerity measures could impact in social care provision and outcomes for service users. It will discuss the narrative of one family identified in the report whom require intervention and support in order to safeguard their children (Casey 2012). It will give an outline of the development and impact of legislation and policy guidance on social work practice for children, families and carers. Furthermore it will consider academic research and theories that inform social work practice when working with such families; for instance; ecological theories, assessment, life span models of development, professional power and attachment theory. This essay will also discuss the skills necessary for contemporary social work practitioners to engage effecti vely with children and families. It will argue that inter-professional, anti-oppressive, multi-professional and reflective practice is paramount to successful outcomes for families who require support from services. The term troubled families was first used by David Cameron (Cameron, 2011), and later defined by the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) as households having serious problems and chaotic personal histories. Cameron (2012) intends to ensure those identified in the report as troubled 120,000 families, turn their lives around. These families are characterised as; having no adult in employment, children who do not attend school and family members partaking in anti-social behaviour and criminal activities. By reducing costs and improving outcomes, the results based funding scheme aims to change service delivery for families (Cameron, 2011). Welshman (2012), states that this policy agenda is the latest reconstruction of the underclass debate. Giddens (1973, cited in Haralambos and Holborn, 2002) claims that Britain has an underclass of people who are disadvantaged on the labour market because they lack qualifications and skills, and may face discrimination, prejudice and marginalisation in society. The New Labour Government (1997-2010) linked disorderly behaviour to problem families and focussed on individual deficiencies rather than an acknowledgment of structural constraints, for instance; the effects of poverty on family relationships and parenting (Hill and Wright, 2003; Gillies, 2005, in Parr, 2009). New Labour implemented Family Intervention Projects (FIP) that were framed from the Respect Action Plan in 2006. This was criticized by a parental and family support organisation Parentline Plus (2006), as threats of punishments to parents would impact negatively on families, and parents could be less willing to seek support before they reached crisis (BBC News, 2006). Initiatives like Signpost, provided intensive levels of support and understanding of multidimensional complexities, comprising of effective intervention for children and families within their communities (Dillane et al 2001, cited in Parr, 2009 ). Featherstone (2006) maintains this initiative was within the context of the social investment state, encouraging investment in human capital as opposed to direct economic provision provided by the state in the form of welfare payments. Postle, (2002 cited in Parr, 2009) argues that Signpost intervention was social work at its best allowing social workers time for effective co mmunication and partnership working rather than the policing of families. Levitas (2012) argued against research methodology used in the Casey Report (2012) and of the idea of multi-disadvantaged families being the source of societys ills. Levitas (2012) claims; that the figure of 120,000 was founded on data from a secondary analysis of a Children and Families Report (2004). Literature suggests the figure of 120,000 families is underestimated, the number of multi-disadvantaged families is significantly greater (Levitas, 2012; Hern, 2012). The initial 2004 study found no evidence to indicate that the families were trouble makers as proposed but did find that they were families in trouble. As a result of changes in taxation, welfare benefits, spending cuts and the continuing effects of the economic downturn (Levitas, 2012). Welshman (2012) advocates that history provides important lessons for policymakers and addressing both structural and behavioural causes of poverty is likely to be more effective than counting and defining such families. He believes there is little knowledge regarding reasons for behaviours and calls for research for combating problems that these families encounter. Casey (2012) has given an insight by using service users narratives and received positive responses from interviewees. However, her research does have further limitations; a small sample of sixteen families, all of whom were at crisis point when they accepted working with the FIP (Casey 2012). Soloman (2012) claims that vast number of vulnerable families are being left without any support. Casey (2012) made no reference to ethnicity and culture of the families, therefore giving no insight into diversity (Clifford and Burke, 2009). Bailey (2012) believes that the report breaches ethical standards for social research, the f amilies interviewed are participants in the FIP and therefore had a power of sanction over them, therefore it may have been difficult for the families to decline from the study. No written information on the risks of participation was provided; he also suggests that ethical approval was not applied for. Bailey, (2012) believes that there is a risk of identifying these families. Casey (2012) acknowledged that the information was not representative of 120,000 families but claims that it provides a sound basis for policy. Nevertheless, Bailey (2012) argues that there is no place for unethical research in public policy making. Comparative studies were not conducted on families with similar economic and social circumstances who are not described as troubled. Casey (2012) discussed intergenerational cycles of abuse, violence, alcohol and drug misuse as well as worklessness being reasons for troubled families placing the oneness on individuals (Levitas, 2012). Kelly (2012) welcomes the Governments commitment to aid families. He proposes that most parents on low incomes are good parents and believes that it is naive to conflate illness, inadequate housing and poverty with substance misuse and crime. Kelly (2012) also argues that many families involved with Family Action are socially isolated, invisible to support services who struggle on low incomes rather than displaying anti-social behaviours. The case studies gave the parents perspective, however, the voice and opinion of the child was unheard. Ofsted (2010) found practitioners concentrated too much on the needs of the parents and overlooked the implication s for the child. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child Article 12 declares, the views of the child must be respected, Article 3 states that the childs best interests must be a primary concern (Unicef, 1992). This essay will now discuss social work practice in relation to one of the families identified in Louise Caseys Report (2012) Chris and Julie (appendix 1). In the past, adults like Chris and Julie who had learning disabilities may have been prevented from becoming parents, eugenic theories dominated, with the aim to ensure children with similar disabilities were not procreated (Cleaver and Nicholson 2007). However, in recent years attitudes are changing in favour of people with learning disabilities giving them the same rights as other citizens regarding sexuality and family life. An increased number of people with learning difficulties now have wider opportunities for independent living. According to Haavik and Menninger (1981 cited in Booth and Booth, 1993, p 203) deinstitutionalization enabled many people with learning disabilities to participate in their community. Duffy (2006, cited in Thompson et al 2008), states that self-determination is a core principle in attaining citizens hip in western society. The shift in opinions and principles is evident in government legislation and guidance thus impacting on social work practice, for instance; Valuing People: a new strategy for learning disability for the 21st century (2001), (DoH 2001) and Valuing People Now: The Delivery Plan (20102011) Making it happen for everyone gives guidance for all professionals supporting people with learning disabilities living in the community (DoH 2011). In relation to the case scenario, Article 8 of The Human Rights Act 1998 (.1) provides Chris and Julie with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ a right to respect for private and family life, his home and correspondence; however, any interference with this right must be necessary and lawful with regard to public safety, national security, prevention of public disorders and crime, or for the protection of rights and freedoms of others. Both Julie and Chris have a protected characteristic of disability and therefore under the Equality Act (2010) should be protected from direct and indirect discrimination from service providers. However, childrens rights are paramount and override those of their parents or carers (DoH, 1998). Access to learning disability services in England was governed by Fair Access to Care Services (FACS) (DoH, 2003), until it was superseded by Putting People First (2007) and highlighted the need for a personalised Adult Social Care System (DoH, 2007). Emerson et al (2005) found one in fifteen adults with learning disabilities living in England were parents and this research emphasised that approximately half of children born to parents with learning disabilities are at risk from abuse and twenty five per cent no longer lived with their parents (McGaw,2000). Further research indicates that the majority of services are as yet inadequate in meeting the needs of families with learning disabilities (McGaw 2000). McInnis et al (2011) similarly found complexities in determining eligibility for service users. They indicated that decisions regarding eligibility are not only determined by assessment results but by local government resources. They advocate equality and argue that changes in assessment tools are necessary when working with families with learning difficulties. Chris and Julie reflect these findings as they only received intervention when they faced difficulties caring for their children. The parental skills model would be advantageous for practitioners as it is designed to assist the assessment process when working with Chris and Julie. The model focuses on life skills, familial history and access to support services. McGaw and Sturmey (1994) found that if difficulties arise for parents in any of the three areas it Service users maybe uncooperative and reluctant to engage with services, perhaps due to anxieties and fear of consequences. For example; their children being removed from their care and their own childhood experiences. Cultural awareness and age appropriate interventions are necessary to enable partnership working (Egan, 2007 cited in Martin, 2010). Horwath (2011) found that although some social workers faced barriers to the Child-focused Assessment Framework, due to heavy workloads, time restrictions, performance targets and limited training opportunities. Others found that additional bureaucracy gave them a security in their practice. Smale, et al. (1993 ) highlighted the following models of assessment; questioning, procedural, and exchange model. The latter may be beneficial when working in partnership with this family as the service users are viewed as experts and aids their potential for working together towards goals. When working with families communication can be complex; effective communication would include active listening skills, person centred planning and intervention, also avoiding the use of professional jargon (Anning et al, 2006). The worker should be aware of non-verbal communication and power imbalances in their working relationship (DoH, DfES, 2007). It may be advisable for this family to access advocacy services to promote equality, social inclusion and social justice (actionforadvocacy.org.uk, 2012). According to Yuill and Gibson (2011), advocacy promotes anti-oppressive practice. Horwath (2010) suggests positive relationships are built on trust. This echoes the person centred principles of Rogers (1961, cited in Thompson et al, 2008) enabling the practitioner to observe realistic emotional, somatic and behavioural responses from the child and family, that are essential for effective information gathering for assessments (DoH 2006). Martin (2010) argues in order to ensure an understanding of the service user narrative within a multi-professional context the practitioner should reflect and summarise and make accurate recordings. Information should be stored in accordance to the Data Protection Act, 1989 (legislation.gov.uk) and also be shared effectively between multi-agencies and safeguarding departments (Laming, 2003). Numerous children have died from abuse and neglect in the United Kingdom (Brandon et al, 2005). In 2000, Victoria Climbie was subjected to cruelty by her aunt and her partner which resulted in her loss of life. Laming (2003) describes Victorias death as a gross failure of the system and inexcusable and recommended reforms (1.18 p.3). In England, the government published the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families (DoH et al 2000) and additional policy guidance came about in Every Child Matters: Change for Children (2003) that made all professionals accountable for safeguarding, child development, focusing on early intervention, joint sense of responsibility and information sharing with integrated front line services and an emphasis on children fulfilling their potential (dcsf.gov.uk 2012). The following year the Children Act (2004) Section 11 (DfES, 2005) gave clear guidance on multi-agency working and states that safeguarding children is everyones busines s. The Children Act 1989 (DoH,1989) and the Children Act 2004 (DoH,2004a) currently underpin child welfare practice in England. The former Act considers the concept of a child in need (section 17) and accentuates the importance family support services who both promote the childs welfare and help safeguard and assist parents in their role. In addition Working Together to Safeguard Children (2010) gives extensive guidance on collaborative working and defines roles and responsibilities of professionals (HM. Government 2010). This guidance is presently being revised and reduced to alleviate bureaucracy for professionals, however Mansuri (2012, cited in McGregor 2012) argues that the real safeguarding concerns are unmanageable caseloads, plummeting moral and cuts to support staff and criticises the government for failing to consult more practitioners regarding these changes. An example for effective working together that may benefit the family in the case scenario is Team around the Family (TAF) intervention. This encourages effective, early identification of additional need, it assesses strengths and is restorative in approach that provides the family opportunities for change and enhances multi-agency collaboration (cheshirewestandchester,2012). Family mentoring services may also be useful in this case (catch-22.2012). Childrens Services in England and Wales adhere to The Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families (DoH et al 2000). The Assessment Framework provides an ecological approach of the childs developmental needs, parenting capacity, family and environmental factors. This ecological approach was championed by Bronfenbrenner, (1979, cited Martin, 2010) found that by incorporating the microsystem, exosystem and macrosystem benefited both practitioners and service users by enabling wider societies influences of culture and economic circumstances to be considered in assessment (Wilson et al, 2011). This evidenced- based framework aims to ensure that the childs welfare is both promoted and protected (Cleaver et al, 2004). This framework provides a consistent method of collating and analysing information, thus giving practitioners a more coherent understanding of the childs developmental needs, the capacity of their parents and the influence of the extended family and other environmental factors that impact on the family (DoH al, 2000). However, Garrett (2003; Rose, 2002 in Crisp et al, 2007) believe that the underpinning evidence for the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families (2000) is problematic. Howarth (2002 in Crisp et al, 2007) suggests that accompanying specific guidance for children from black and ethnic minorities are less widely circulated than the framework document. Katz (1997, cited in Crisp et al, 2007) accuses the framework as being mechanistic checklists used by inexperienced staff as data collection tools and loosing focus on identifying and meeting the needs of children (Horwath, 2002 cited in Crisp et al 2007). Likewise, Munro (2011) challenged all professionals to ensure that our child protection system is centred on the child or young person, as she believes the system has lost its focus on the childs needs and experiences and has been too focused on rules, time-frames in assessment and procedures. At present an initial assessment is carried out ten days from referral and a core assessment must be completed within thirty-five days of an Initial Assessment, and would be undertaken to initiate child protection enquires (DoH et al, 2000). Practitioners use twin tracking and pursue other possibilities for the family (scie-socialcareonline.org.uk). This may be ethically and emotionally difficult for practitioners; they should ensure supervision and adhere to their professional standards of proficiency and ethics (HCPC, 2012). Munro (2011) urges the government to value professional expertise and revise statutory guidance on service intervention and delivery and calls for more focus on understanding the underlying issues that influenced professional practice that resulted in Serious Case Reviews. Munro (2011) also calls for reforming social work training and placement provision for students. The government accepted Munros recommendations and changes to the system will be implemented in 2012 (DfE 2011). Damien (see appendix 1) meets the threshold criteria for intervention under section17 (10) of The Children Act (1989) as his health or development may be significantly impaired without support services. At present he does not appear to be at risk of significant harm, however a core assessment may be beneficial in determining the appropriate support services (HM Government, 2010), examples include Youth Offending Teams (YOT) who deliver crime prevention programmes (youth-offending-team, 2012), Special Educational Needs Coordinators (SENCO) and learning mentors provide support in educational settings (Good schools guide,2012). It is vital throughout the assessment process that practitioners are non-judgmental and use reflective practice and have an awareness of transference and counter-transference to disperse any negative responses and feelings (DoH, 2000; Wilson et al, 2008). The practitioner should draw on theories of human development through the lifespan as well as sociological, biological, psychological and psychosocial theories. For example; biological theory would consider genetic influences, physical development and instinctual behaviours whereas the sociological perspective would emphasise the importance of social factors (Horwath, 2010). It may be that the family are living in poverty and had have not been in receipt of full benefit entitlements or support services; it would be advisable to contact relevant welfare agencies and seek professional assistance for financial support to aid this family (family-action, 2012). The Children Act (1989) states that for the majority of children their family is the most appropriate place for them to live. However, the local authority has a duty of care and Madison (see appendix 1) needs to be accommodated under section 20 of the Children Act (1989), as she is a child in need (section 17) or a child at risk of significant harm (section 47). Chris and Julie have parental responsibility for their children until they are adopted (D of H, 1989; 2000; HM Government, 2010). When assessing families the practitioner should have an understanding of theories that inform practice. In relation to Eriksons (1982) theory of psychosocial stages of development, it could be suggested that Madison is in the fifth stage of development known as; Identity and Repudiation versus Identity diffusion. This stage usually will occur between ages 12-18. Throughout adolescence children are becoming more independent and developing a sense of self. Madison could experience confusion in this stage as she has spent time in kinship and residential care. Erikson (1982) believes with encouragement, reinforcement, and through personal exploration adolescents can leave this stage with a strong identity and direction in life. If Madison fails to pass through this stage successfully she will be insecure about herself and her future (Erikson, 1982 cited in Wilson et al 2008). Hamachek (1988) suggests this theory is ambiguous in identifying behaviours of an individuals psychological growt h throughout different stages of development. Chris and Julie have had one child adopted and have been unable to parent eight of their nine children. During assessment practitioners should have an understanding of attachment categories and relating behaviours; it could be that some of Chris and Julies children developed anxious-ambivalent attachments. Role reversal may have taken place, thus resulting in the children becoming angry about the unreliability of the carer and possibly the reason for them displaying anti-social behaviours Ainsworth (et al., 1978 cited in Becket and Taylor, 2010). Early attachment theory was criticized for denying women equality in the workplace by implying that the risk of mothers leaving their children would be detrimental to their childrens development (Beckett and Taylor, 2010). With regard to Julie and Chris, the local authority could undertake a pre-birth assessment and multi-professional case conference under (section 47) of the Children Act (1989) to evaluate parenting capacity, family and env ironment, and their ability to sustain parenting to meet the childs developing and changing needs (Department of Health 1989; Department of Health, 2010). Specialist assessment tools for parents with learning disabilities would assist the couple in their understanding and partnership planning (McGaw, 2000; cited in Wallbridge, 2012). Both Chris and Julie have completed a parenting course and this is positive as they had not done so previously (Casey 2012). Wallbridge (2012) claims successful support packages offer intensive, continuous training for parenting, for example group work and life skills in the home, both parents feeling valued are often positive catalysts of change. A recent government report (2012) however, identified the child protection system as being reactive rather than proactive with regard to young people accessing services. It warned that professionals gave the parents numerous changes to improve their parenting skills and children were left to live with neglectful parents (publications.parliament.uk, 2012) This essay has critiqued the report Listening to Troubled Families by Louise Casey (2012) and found limitations in the methodology. It considered the needs of a family identified and critiqued the role and skills of a social worker in safeguarding. It has argued the importance of effective multi-professional collaboration, knowledge of contemporary legislation, practice and theories with regard to implementing partnership working to support children, families and carers. It also identified external explanations ; poverty, isolation and late intervention can impact on these families. Munro (2011) urges the government to value professional judgements and change statutory guidance in order to help safeguard children. Bibliography Action for Advocacy (2012) Available at: http://www.actionforadvocacy.org.uk/ [Accessed 25th October 2012] Anning, A. Cottrell, D. Frost, F. Green, J. Robinson, M (2006) Developing Multi-professional Teamwork for Integrated Childrens Services. England. Open University Press. Bailey, N (2012) The Listening to Troubled Families report is an ethical failure. The Guardian, [online] 25th October 2012 Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/oct/25/listening-to-troubled-families-report [Accessed 5th November, 2012] BBC News (2006) Eviction threat in respect plan. BBC News [online] 10th January 2006 Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4595788.stm [Accessed 5th November, 2012] Beckett, C., and Taylor. (2010) Human Growth and Development, Second Edition. London. SAGE Publications Ltd. Booth, T and Booth, W. (2004a) Findings from a court study of care proceedings involving parents with intellectual disabilities, Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 1 (3-4), pp.203-209 Brandon,M.,Belderson,P.,Warren,C.,Howe, D.,Gardner,R.,Dodsworth,J.,and Black,J., (2005) Analysing child deaths and serious injury through abuse and neglect: what can we learn? A biennial analysis of serious case reviews 2003-2005. [online] Available at: https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/DCSF-RR023.pdf [Accessed on 11th November 2012] Cameron, D (2011) Tacking Troubled Families: new plans unveiled. Thursday 15th December 2011. Available at: http://www.number10.gov.uk/news/tackling-troubled-families-new-plans-unveiled/ [Accessed 18th October 2012] Cameron, D (2011) We need a social recovery in Britain every bit as much as we need an economic one[online] Thursday 15th December 2011 Available at: http://www.number10.gov.uk/news/troubled-families-speech/ttp://www.number10.gov.uk/news/troubled-families-speech/ [Accessed 18th October 2012] Casey, L (2012) Listening to Troubled Families, Department for Communities. Available at: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/communities/pdf/2183663.pdf [Accessed on 10th October 2012] Catch 22 (2012) Available at: http://www.catch22.org.uk/Families?gclid=CImi3K_SxbMCFUbKtAodnQUA0Q [Accessed 10th November 2012] Cleaver, H. and Nicholson, D. (2007) Parental Learning Disability and Childrens Needs: Family Experiences and Effective Practice. London. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Children first: the child protection system in England Education Committee (2012) [online] Available at: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmeduc/137/13706.htm#a38 [Accessed 10th November 2012] Cheshire West and Chester Council (2012) Team around the Family (TAF): [online] 12th August 2012 Available at: http://www.cheshirewestandchester.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=2025 [Accessed on 1st November 2012] Cleaver, H. Nicholson,D. (2007) Parental Learning Disability and Childrens Needs: Family Experiences and Effective Practice. London. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Clifford,D and Burke,B (2009) Anti-Oppressive Ethics and Values in Social Work. London. Palgrave Macmillan. Crisp,B.,Anderson,M.,Orme,J and Lister,P. (2007) Assessment Frameworks:A Critical Reflection, British Journal of Social Work, 37, pp.1059-1077 Daniel, B. Taylor, J. Scott, J (2009) Noticing and helping the neglected child. London: Department for children, Schools and Families. Data Protection Act 1989 [online] Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/29/contents [Accessed 30th October 2012] Davis, M. (2002) The Blackwell Companion to Social Work. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. Department of Health, Department for Education and Skills (2007) Good practice guidance on working with parents with learning disability [online] Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/dh_075118.pdf [Accessed 10th November 2012] Department of Health (2001) Valuing People: a new strategy for learning disability for the 21st century. Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4009153 [Accessed on 25th October 2012] Department of Health (2002a) Fair Access to Care Services: Guidance on Eligibility Criteria for Adult Social Care. London. Departmentof Health. Department of Health (1989) An Introduction to the Children Act 1989. HSMO. London. Department of Health (1989) The Children Act 1989 [online] Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/41/contents [Accessed on 11th October 2012] Department of Health, Home Office and Department for Education and Employment (2000) Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families, London. Stationery Office. Department of Health (2003) The Victoria Climbie Inquiry: Summary Report of an Inquiry. London: Department of Health. Department of Health (2010) Working Together to Safeguard Children: A Guide to Inter-agency Working to Safeguard and Promote the Welfare of Children. Available at  : from:https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/publicationdetail/page1/DCSF-00305-2010. [Accessed 10th October 2012] Department of Health (2010) Valuing People Now: The Delivery Plan 2010-2011. Making it happen for everyone Available at: http://base-uk.org/sites/base-uk.org/files/[user-raw]/11-06/valuing_people_now_delivery_plan_2010-11.pdf [Accessed 20th October 2012] Emerson,E. Malam, S. Davies, I Spencer, K.(2005) Adults with Learning Difficulties in England. London: Office for National Statistics Every Child Matters 2004 Available at: http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/ [Accessed on 19th October 2012] Erikson, E (1982) The Lifecycle Completed, cited in Wilson,K.,Ruch, G., Lymbery, M.,Cooper, A. Becker,S.,Brammer,A.,Clawson, R.,Littlechild,B.,Paylor,I.,Smith,R. (2008)Social Work: An introduction to contemporary practice. Essex. Pearson Education Limited. Equality Act 2010 [online] London Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/pdfs/ukpga_20100015_en.pdf [Accessed on 25th October 2012] Family Action- Welfare Support Available from: http://www.family-action.org.uk/home.aspx?id=11578 Family Placements: Available from: http://www.barnardos.org.uk/fosteringandadoption/foster_adopt/fostering/fosteringandadoption_fostering_placements.htm [Accessed on 17th October 2012] Family Action- Welfare Support Available at: http://www.family-action.org.uk/home.aspx?id=11578 [Accessed on 28th October 2012] Featherstone,B. (2006) Rethinking family support in the current policy context, British Journal of Social Work, 36(1), pp.5-19 Gardner, D.S. Tuchman, E. and Hawkins, R. (2010) Teaching Note; A Cross-Curricular, Problem-Based Project to Promote Understanding of Poverty in Urban Communities. Journal of Social Work Education Vol.46, (1) pp 147-156 Glaun, D and Brown, P. (1999) Motherhood, Intellectual Disability and Child Protection: Characteristics of a Court Sample. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disabil

Shakespeares Hamlet and the Devil Essay -- GCSE English Literature Co

   Hamlet and the Devil  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Hamlet, for reasons of trepidation chooses not to kill Claudius, his nemesis, in the altar room. This fatal procrastination results in the unnecessary deaths of Laertes, Ophelia, Gertrude, and Hamlet himself. This casts a most inauspicious light upon Hamlet, but only if the original premise is true. The obverse side of the argument is that Hamlet, because he desires all those who are in league with Claudius to suffer the same ignominious fate that his father suffers. Thus he delays his revenge in order to intensify the misery of the other characters. This also casts a most inauspicious light upon Hamlet, but only if the general premise of the book is true, that Hamlet is the hero and is not enslaved to evil. That general premise is false. For even the Prince admits that he may be under the thrall of the Devil, who is able to â€Å"assume a pleasing shape† and is â€Å"very potent with such spirits [of melancholy]†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first victim to fall under Hamlet’s preternatural wrath is Polonius. Hamlet, in rage that someone is spying on him, deliberately thrusts his sword for a mortal kill. When he discovers that it is Polonius, he shrugs and is not bothered in the least by it. Even though it appears that Hamlet is a ruthless murderer, Polonius is not totally blameless. Polonius, because he wishes to gain the favor of the new king by proving his own worth, is determined to find the reason for Hamlet’s madness. He thus spies on Hamlet and even forbids his daughter to see her. His connection to Claudius, and his spidery machinations are reasons for his downfall.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  &nbs... ...nection with Claudius deserves to die and painfully if possible. Each character exhibits a tragic flaw that is fatal. Although it may seem unfair, Hamlet is the ultimate arbiter of life and death in the play.   Because Hamlet is possessed by the Devil, he chooses to let Fate decide what happens. Thus Fate/Devil tells him to duel with Laertes. This is the first step of the beginning of the end. Hamlet and Laertes both are fatally wounded, the Queen is poisoned, and finally the King is poisoned and stabbed. Instead of only killing the King, Hamlet directly and indirectly kills everyone. Only Horatio is not affected, for he remains true with Hamlet even to the very end when he tries to poison himself in order to accompany his prince to death. Horatio is the epitome of fidelity, even his stoic nature melts away when he witnesses the poignancy of the tragedy of Hamlet.